Surge Protection Types
When it comes to Surge Protection there are a few things to take into account.
Where in the system is the surge protector going
What is being Protected
The rating of the SPD (Surge Protection Device) Needed
When most people think of a “Power Surge” They’ll think of lightning strikes, or downed power lines. While those definitely qualify, That doesn’t cover all surges. Most common, power surges are actually taking place in your home. Typically when an appliance comes on. When a motor starts up, the initial power draw can cause voltage fluctuations causing power surges.
3 Main type of SPD
For Residential / Commercial there are 3 main type of SPD we take note of:
Type 1
Type 1 Surge Protectors are Permanently connected SPDs intended for installation between the secondary of the service transformer and the line side of the service equipment overcurrent device, as well as the load side, including watt-hour meter socket enclosures and intended to be installed without an external overcurrent protective device.
To intercept a the largest forms of surges: Eg. Lightning Strikes, Blown Transformers, Etc.
Type 2
Type 2 Surge protectors are typically installed in your meter panels and meant to handle moderate loads. Depending on the AIC / Surge rating needed they’ll either be directly hardwired into your panel, or a plug on surge protector
Type 3
Type 3 Surge protectors are found at the point of utilization. These are meant to handle the smaller voltage fluctuations of your everyday use. Type 3 surge protectors normally include: Power strips, UPS, Socket Surge Protectors
The NEC Now Mandates Either a Type 1 or Type 2 Surge Protector to be installed at your Service
230.67 “A Type 1 or Type 2 surge protective device (SPD) is required to be installed on dwelling unit services. The SPD may be integral to or adjacent to the electrical service. Additionally, an SPD will be required when an existing service is replaced.”
Make sure to do your research when finding the ratings on surge protectors needed for your application.
Further Resources and references found here: